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Activation of abdominal wall and back muscles during exercise with traction and compression loads
Jordáková, Adela ; Čech, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Machač, Stanislav (referee)
We used RUSI (rehabilitative ultrasound imaging) for measurement of abdominal and back muscle in different loading modes. Methods: We used diagnostic ultrasonography imaging for taking linear measurement of trunk muscles. We measured anterioposterior (AP) dimensions of lateral abdominal wall muscles- m. OE, m.OI, m.TrA and cross-section area (CSA) of lumbar m. multifidus. We compared two groups of sports-floorball players and sportsman using climbing and hanging (climbers, aerialists). We measured positions with compressive force (kneeling on all four with lifted knees) and with traction load (hang with upper limbs with flexion of lower limbs-with leg support and without). Study is made on 50 volunteers. Results: The pattern of thickness of abdominal muscles is same in all positions in both groups. The lowest is always AP thickness of m. TrA, wider is m. OE and the widest always m. OI. The resting thickness are in both groups almost in all cases the lowest. AP thickness in m. TrA in floorball players is only exception, there is lowest in hang without legs support. In all other case sis resting position always lowest. For m. OE are results same for both climbers and floorball players-the lowest thickness is in hang with legs support (floorball players 0,84 cm, climbers 0,87), greater activationis...
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The objectification of postural function of abdominal muscles
Novák, Jakub ; Kobesová, Alena (advisor) ; Davídek, Pavel (referee)
This thesis evaluates the possibility of using objective measurements to assess the postural function of abdominal muscles. The theoretical part provides an overview of findings regarding postural function of the abdominal muscles and the context for their co-activation using intra-abdominal pressure. The results are summarized in the form of research studies relating postural function and low back pain (LBP). The overview of the methods used to measure intra-abdominal pressure and the abdominal muscle activity is the main focus. In this section, we present a new methodology for measuring the activity of the abdominal muscles by using pressure sensors attached to the abdominal wall in the areas of the groin and the lumbar triangle. Methodology: In the experimental part, we tested 35 healthy subjects (average age 21.26t, SD ± 1,62) in 3 posturally different seated scenarios: 1. resting breathing, 2. with added external load (the subjects held a dumbbell 20% of their body weight) and 3. with maximum voluntary increase in intra-abdominal pressure (the diaphragm test). Results: An independent samples t-test indicated that the pressure created by the abdominal wall for both sensors in situation resting breathing increases in situation external load (HA1: upper sensor p=0.0079, lower sensor p=0.0009). We...
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Measurement of abdominal wall activation in developmental postural positions using Ohm Belt device
Svoboda, Petr ; Kobesová, Alena (advisor) ; Mádle, Kateřina (referee)
Introduction: The aim of this work was to determine the difference in abdominal wall expansion and thus indirectly the amount of intra-abdominal pressure in various postural positions, first without any correction, then after verbal and manual instruction according to Dynamic Neuromuscular Stabilization (DNS) principles. The amount of activation of abdominal wall muscles in various postural positions helps determine the positions in which optimal postural stabilization is best activated. These positions may be suitable for postural therapy and training. The theoretical part introduces optimal trunk stabilization according to developmental kinesiology principles and DNS concept. Then, the relationship between the intra-abdominal pressure and postural activity of abdominal muscles is introduced as well as the most common methods of objectification. Participants and Methods: 30 healthy subjects (15 women and 15 men) aged 20 to 25 years (mean age 22.73 years, SD 1.88) were tested using the Ohm Belt device. This device uses pressure sensors that are attached to the abdominal wall in the area above the groin and in the trigonum lumbale and thus allows non-invasive monitoring of abdominal wall expansion and indirect measurement of the intra-abdominal pressure. The subjects were tested in five postural...
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The relationship between morphology of abdominal wall muscles and back pain in elite floorball players
Kramperová, Adéla ; Machač, Stanislav (advisor) ; Šembera, Martin (referee)
The diploma thesis evaluates the morphology of the abdominal wall muscles focusing on the assessment of lateral symmetry in elite female floorball players and its relationship with the occurrence of back pain in these players. The theoretical part of the thesis includes an overview of the physiological mechanisms of postural stabilization in comparison with deviations in patients with back pain and describes the principles of sonographic examination and its use in physiotherapy. The theoretical part is also focused on the imagining of the abdominal muscles and the summary of specific findings in floorball players and other athletes, with a predominant one-sided load related to the biomechanics of movement in these sports. Methodology: A total of 20 female players of the highest floorball competition in the Czech Republic participated in this research. The linear parameters of the abdominal muscles (m. RA, m. TrA, m. OI and m. OE) and the whole lateral abdominal muscles were measured in players on both sides at rest using sonography. The participants also filled in an electronic questionnaire evaluating back pain. Results: Significant lateral asymmetry of linear parameters of abdominal muscles was demonstrated in the work (p = 0,017; d = 0,52). The relationship between the lateral asymmetry and the...
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Utilization of biofeedback sensors for the activation of breathing and postural function of diaphragm in patients with chronic low-back pain
Macigová, Lucie ; Oplatková, Lenka (advisor) ; Bitnar, Petr (referee)
This thesis is focusing on objectifying the postural function of diaphragm with a biofeedback sensor in patients with low back pain (LBP). The theoretical part provides an overview of known facts about the postural function of the abdominal muscles and diaphragm and the connection between their activation and the change in intra-abdominal pressure and the origin of LBP. The thesis gives specifics of LBP, its etiology and possible methods of classification of non-specific LBP, as well as the methods of evaluating subjective disability. Other methods of objectifying postural functions other than the one used in this thesis are mentioned briefly. Methodology: In the experimental part, we used a capacitive force sensor to test 31 patients with non-specific chronic LBP (aver. age 25.25, SD ± 4.66, aver. height 176.77 cm, SD ± 9.97, aver. weight 77.93 kg, SD ±18.40) in 3 posturally different seated scenarios - resting breathing, with added external load when the subjects held a dumbbell of 20 % of their body weight) and with maximum voluntary increase in intra-abdominal pressure (the diaphragm test). The sensor position was on lumbar triangle and in the groin area. Oswestry Questionaire v2.1a was used to evaluate subjective disability. Results: An independent t-test analysis showes increase in the...
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Suggestion and validation of the interventional abdominal muscles improvement program concuded on the ninth class students in secondary school.
SIMANDL, Jakub
The topic of this bachelor thesis is focusing on a problem related to muscular strength of the abdominal muscles of the students ninth grade of elementary school. In the theoretical part of my thesis is manly based on explanation and definition of the problems and on the several publications of recent trends. The aim of this bachelor thesis is to demonstrate the effects of the application of the created interventional movement program and to evaluate the influence of this program with respect to the current statement of muscular strength. A program has been created for the research based on studied literature, publications and own experience The program has been performed by a selected reference group consisting of 20 boys aged 14-15 years. This group has been divided as experimental and control. Only the experimental group was involved in the program. The control group served to validate the results and verify them. The first measurement started at the begining of the biweekly program. The second measurement has been executed one month later and the last measurement at the end of the program. All obtained values has been classified according to the determined standard for the given age category. After the first measurement, the experimental group achieved an improvement of 4.0% and 9.6% at the end of the program. There were no significant changes in the control group. The muscle strengths of the experimental group have been improved due to the inclusion of designed Intervention Program. Keywords:
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The objectification of postural function of abdominal muscles
Novák, Jakub ; Kobesová, Alena (advisor) ; Davídek, Pavel (referee)
This thesis evaluates the possibility of using objective measurements to assess the postural function of abdominal muscles. The theoretical part provides an overview of findings regarding postural function of the abdominal muscles and the context for their co-activation using intra-abdominal pressure. The results are summarized in the form of research studies relating postural function and low back pain (LBP). The overview of the methods used to measure intra-abdominal pressure and the abdominal muscle activity is the main focus. In this section, we present a new methodology for measuring the activity of the abdominal muscles by using pressure sensors attached to the abdominal wall in the areas of the groin and the lumbar triangle. Methodology: In the experimental part, we tested 35 healthy subjects (average age 21.26t, SD ± 1,62) in 3 posturally different seated scenarios: 1. resting breathing, 2. with added external load (the subjects held a dumbbell 20% of their body weight) and 3. with maximum voluntary increase in intra-abdominal pressure (the diaphragm test). Results: An independent samples t-test indicated that the pressure created by the abdominal wall for both sensors in situation resting breathing increases in situation external load (HA1: upper sensor p=0.0079, lower sensor p=0.0009). We...
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Activation of abdominal wall and back muscles during exercise with traction and compression loads
Jordáková, Adela ; Čech, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Machač, Stanislav (referee)
We used RUSI (rehabilitative ultrasound imaging) for measurement of abdominal and back muscle in different loading modes. Methods: We used diagnostic ultrasonography imaging for taking linear measurement of trunk muscles. We measured anterioposterior (AP) dimensions of lateral abdominal wall muscles- m. OE, m.OI, m.TrA and cross-section area (CSA) of lumbar m. multifidus. We compared two groups of sports-floorball players and sportsman using climbing and hanging (climbers, aerialists). We measured positions with compressive force (kneeling on all four with lifted knees) and with traction load (hang with upper limbs with flexion of lower limbs-with leg support and without). Study is made on 50 volunteers. Results: The pattern of thickness of abdominal muscles is same in all positions in both groups. The lowest is always AP thickness of m. TrA, wider is m. OE and the widest always m. OI. The resting thickness are in both groups almost in all cases the lowest. AP thickness in m. TrA in floorball players is only exception, there is lowest in hang without legs support. In all other case sis resting position always lowest. For m. OE are results same for both climbers and floorball players-the lowest thickness is in hang with legs support (floorball players 0,84 cm, climbers 0,87), greater activationis...
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Trunk muscle activity and walkin
Svobodová, Jaroslava ; Opálková, Michaela (advisor) ; Davídek, Pavel (referee)
Bakalářská práce Aktivita trupového svalstva při chůzi Abstract This thesis refers to the anatomy and the kinesiology of trunk, spine and pelvis. In addition, it deals with the control of gait and gait biomechanics. Nevertheless, the main aim of this thesis is to summarize the information on the activity of trunk muscles during walking. This includes also trunk muscle activity during modified walking. This part reviews the changes of trunk muscle activity in reaction to low back pain and to the changes in walking speed. Thesis is focused on the activity of abdominal and back muscles such as m. rectus abdominis, m. obliguus externus abdominis, m. obliguus internus abdominis, m. transversus abdominis and m. erector trunci. The thesis also includes a case study of a patient who suffers from chronic low back pain. The activity of some of her trunk muscles was recorded by surface electromyography. In addition, the patient was tested using the zebris Rehawalk FDM-T system.
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